HomeMy WebLinkAbout204.015 - Public Information Program
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
COMMUNICATIONS
204.015 PUBLIC INFORMATION PROGRAM
EFFECTIVE: JANUARY 2018
Current Revision Date: 5/28/19 Next Revision Date: 5/28/24
Author’s Name/Rank: Robert Castillo, Fire Captain Review Level: 1
Administrative Support:
Christina L. Johnson,
Senior Administrative Clerk
Section 204.015
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PURPOSE
The Fresno Fire Department (FFD or Department) recognizes an effective public
information program is a critical component of routine operations. This procedure
establishes policy, and fixes responsibility in order to ensure the highest quality
program within available resources. This policy has been established within the
framework of the overall public information program for the City of Fresno.
APPLICATION
When representations are made to the media, they are made not only for the
Department, but for the Mayor, the City Manager, and the City Council as well. In an
effort to provide timely, accurate information to the media, the following will apply.
OPERATIONAL POLICY
PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICERS (PIO)
Responsibilities
Battalion chiefs should notify an on-call Department PIO for newsworthy emergency
incidents and requests for routine inquiries. The PIO is responsible for providing
information and interviews to the media. In the event no PIO is available to
immediately respond, the battalion chiefs retain the authority to release information
to the media.
Information regarding emergency incidents and routine information can be provided
in the field. Politically sensitive or unusual requests will be referred to Headquarters
to be handled by a deputy chief or the Fire Chief.
1. PIOs should remember, when speaking to the media, they are always
on record and will provide only factual information.
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2. When possible, answer in a positive manner, especially regarding the
Department’s member and resource levels.
3. Speculations, personal opinions, and/or editorializing will not be
included in media responses.
FIELD INFORMATION OFFICER (FIO)
Responsibilities
Battalion chiefs will utilize the on-call PIO to manage media requests. In the event a
PIO is unavailable to respond, battalion chiefs may delegate the interview
responsibilities at incidents, using their judgment in the selection of members to
respond to the media. Members delegated the responsibility will be designated as
secondary PIO and will be accountable to provide the same level of response as
battalion chiefs.
1. Incident commanders shall ensure media interests at field incidents are
expeditiously and professionally handled. This does not mean that
media interests will take priority over emergency operations. It does
mean the incident commanders will give media interests the highest
possible priority consistent with existing conditions and good judgment.
Incident commanders may utilize any of the following mechanisms to
handle media interests at the scene of field incidents:
a. Request an on-call PIO to respond to the scene to manage the
media requests.
b. Handle the PIO functions him/herself.
c. Assign PIO responsibilities to an on-scene chief officer or qualified
company officer.
d. Request a staff chief officer to respond to the scene to handle PIO
functions.
e. Assign PIO responsibilities to any on-scene investigator.
Investigators may be called to the scene specifically to serve as the
PIO.
Regardless of the specific mechanism utilized, overall responsibility for
on-scene functions shall rest with the incident commander, as would
any other component of the incident command system (ICS).
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2. PIOs will serve as the on-scene media contact person when requested
to do so by the incident commander.
On-Scene PIO Functions
The on-scene PIO will perform the following:
1. Keep the media at a central point, if at all possible. It is usually better if
the PIO has a single point at which to update all media representatives
simultaneously.
2. The PIO will keep him/herself updated by visual reconnaissance,
consultation with the incident commander, or by monitoring radio
communications.
3. The various media representatives may want special interviews, in
order to explore the incident from different angles. It is good practice
to honor these requests, but this should be done on a first-come, first-
serve basis. However, do not lose control of the entire media group in
order to conduct special interviews.
Note: Other members may be utilized to accommodate multiple
interviews (Fire Chief, incident commander, Operations Chief,
etc.).
4. Regardless of the media attendance at the scene, the on-scene PIO
will provide the Communications Center with the latest possible
information in order to be kept current.
MEDIA ACCESS TO EMERGENCY SCENES
The laws of the State of California permit members of the media to enter areas that
are otherwise closed to the public. This includes fires, chemical spills, earthquakes,
building collapses, etc.
Media representatives may only be excluded from the following scenes:
1. Crime Scenes. The media may be excluded from a scene where
pedestrian traffic would contaminate evidence, or where access to the
crime scene would give the media confidential investigative
information.
2. Tactical Operations. The media may be excluded from a scene during
tactical operations, to include law enforcement operation, where
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uncontrolled media access would pose a definite threat to the life or
safety of operational member or the public.
3. Private Property. The Department cannot give authorization to the
media to enter the property of another. Neither can the Department
order the media off of private property unless the provisions of
preceding subsections 1 or 2 are being applied.
INFORMATION THAT MAY BE RELEASED
The person releasing information to the media will strive to ensure all information is
as accurate as possible. It is recognized conditions will change; and therefore, the
content of the information released to the media will change. It is better to release
information as it is known, rather than wait hours or days until all information is final.
1. Example No. 1: The initial estimate places the fire loss at $120,000.
The final insurance payoff is $165,000. The original estimated loss
should be released as soon as it is developed.
2. Example No. 2: Rumors circulating among bystanders indicate the fire
was started by a Molotov cocktail. In response to media inquiries, the
on-scene PIO should honestly confirm or deny the validity of the rumor.
If the rumor is still being investigated, the media should be so
informed.
3. Example No. 3: Initial information available to the incident commander
indicates a spilled chemical on the street is 150 gallons of a poisonous
acid. This information should be released, even if one hour later the
chemical turns out to be 80 gallons of bleach.
Generally, the media should be given:
1. Loss estimates, when available.
2. Nature of the hazard or incident.
3. Number and type of casualties.
4. Department commitment, at this time.
5. Department plans to totally contain the incident.
6. Basic cause of the incident, if known.
7. Names of occupants or owners, unless they were injured or killed.
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8. Special interest items, such as conditions that caused the rapid
spread, special actions of citizens, why the family was able to escape,
effectiveness of the sprinkler system, etc. Often, these special
interests are of more media value than the incident itself.
If a crime was committed for which the Department has investigative responsibility,
the following may be released:
1. Prior to arrest:
a. Factual description of the offense, including a brief summary of
events.
b. Location and time of offense, and time and method of reporting.
c. Injuries sustained, property loss, or damages resulting from the
action. Do not attempt to diagnose injuries, merely use a general
description.
d. Identity, age, and address of the victim (sex-crime victims’
addresses are not released).
e. Identity of deceased victims shall not be released without clearance
from the Coroner’s Office.
f. Description of outstanding suspects and/or vehicles. Actual identity
(including photo) of outstanding suspects may be released only if it
will aid in the investigation, assist in the apprehension of the
suspect, and/or warn the public of danger.
g. Weapons involved (general description).
h. Identification of involved Department members, unless it would
jeopardize the operation or their safety.
i. Requests for assistance from the public to obtain evidence.
2. Following an arrest:
a. The name, sex, age (date of birth), address, and/or occupation, of
all persons arrested.
b. The arrestee’s physical description including hair and eye color,
height, and weight.
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c. Date, time, and location of arrest and booking.
d. Amount of bail set.
e. Circumstances surrounding arrest including resistance, pursuit,
force, or weapons used by officer or suspect.
f. Time and manner of release of suspect.
g. All charges on which the suspect is being held.
h. Duration of the investigation.
NON-RELEASABLE INFORMATION
The information listed under Section 1 of this policy will not be released if
disclosure of a particular item of information would endanger the safety of a
person involved in an investigation or would endanger the successful completion
of the investigation or a related investigation (See Government Code, Section
6254(f)).
The decision not to release information about a particular crime or incident or the
name of a victim or reporting party must be made by a chief officer after
consideration of the requirements of the above Government Code Section
referenced.
Consideration should be given to victim(s) requests for no publicity or no public
disclosure of a crime the victim is involved in. Victims will be informed that the
provisions of Government Code, Section 6254(f) require the release of certain
information. The choice to publish same rests with each media organization.
Therefore, no Department member should ever guarantee to a victim or reporting
party that a case will not receive publicity.
The following information will not be released to the media:
1. Prior to arrest.
a. Identity of suspects (see Section B, Item 1f of this policy for
exceptions).
b. Results of investigative procedures.
2. Following arrest.
a. Prior criminal record, reputation, or character of suspects or victims.
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b. Identity or personal information about juvenile suspects or victims.
c. Existence or content of any confession or statement given by a
suspect or the refusal to make a statement.
d. Opinions about the possibility of a plea of guilty to the charged
offense, a lesser offence, or any other disposition.
e. Performance on any examinations or tests, or the suspect’s refusal
or failure to submit to an examination or test.
f. Photos or mug shots, unless they are used to aid in the arrest of
the suspect in the investigation, and/or to warn the public of danger.
g. Identity, testimony, or credibility of prospective witnesses.
h. Any personal opinion as to the suspect’s guilt, innocence, or merits
of the case.
i. Any information known to be inadmissible in court.
j. Reference to quality of evidence, such as ballistic tests,
fingerprints, polygraph, or laboratory tests.
k. Information that may be inflammatory or prejudicial to a defendant’s
rights.
l. Any investigative “keys” (i.e., information that could be known only
to the suspect).
PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC RELATIONS ACTIVITIES OR PROGRAMS
Department equipment and on-duty suppression members will not be utilized for any
program, presentation, event, parade, career day, or similar activity being sponsored
by any organization, public or private, unless authorized by the Fire Chief or their
designee.
Off-duty members cannot volunteer for any such event if the activity can be
misinterpreted as Department representation. This limitation is made necessary by
Fair Standards Labor Act (FSLA) requirements and subsequent City liability for
overtime wages. This limitation does not apply to those activities clearly sponsored
by another organization (Firefighter’s Union, AHA, Red Cross, etc.).
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Presentation to groups and organizations may be made by 40-hour staff members.
If utilizing firefighting units in the presentation, they shall not be placed out of
service, unless directed by the Fire Chief or his/her designee.
Non-management, 40-hour members will not make presentations that would extend
their workday beyond their regular working hours, unless approved in advance by
the division supervisor.
MULTIPLE-AGENCY OPERATIONS
When the Department is involved with other agencies in incidents or matters of
mutual responsibility and concern, Department members will cooperate and
coordinate fully with those agencies by utilizing a Joint Information Center (JIC) in
releasing public information. Generally, the agency of primary jurisdiction should
make appropriate news releases citing assisting or secondary agencies. Any time
other agencies assist this Department in an operation or investigation, their
assistance will be noted in any news release.
OPERATIONAL GUIDELINE
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PROCESS
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INFORMATION
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DEFINITIONS
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CROSS REFERENCES
Government Code
Section 6254(f)